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Adiabatic wall
In thermodynamics, an adiabatic wall between two thermodynamic systems does not allow heat or matter to pass across it. Putting this positively, the only transfer that can occur across an adiabatic wall is transfer of energy as work.
In theoretical investigations, it is sometimes assumed that one of the two systems is the surroundings of the other. Then it is assumed that the work transferred is reversible within the surroundings, but in thermodynamics it is not assumed that the work transferred is reversible within the system. The assumption of reversibility in the surroundings has the consequence that the quantity of work transferred is well defined by macroscopic variables in the surroundings. Accordingly, the surroundings are sometimes said to have a reversible work reservoir.
Along with the idea of an adiabatic wall is the that of an adiabatic enclosure. It is easily possible that a system has some boundary walls that are adiabatic and others that are not. When some are not adiabatic, then the system is not adiabatically enclosed, though adiabatic transfer of energy as work can occur across the adiabatic walls.
The adiabatic enclosure is important because, according to one widely cited author, Herbert Callen, "An essential prerequisite for the measurability of energy is the existence of walls that do not permit the transfer of energy in the form of heat."〔Callen, H.B. (1960/1985), p. 16.〕 In thermodynamics, it is customary to assume ''a priori'' the physical existence of adiabatic enclosures, though it is not customary to label this assumption separately as an axiom or numbered law.
==Construction of the concept of an adiabatic enclosure==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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